What does "use variance" refer to in zoning laws?

In the context of zoning laws, a "use variance" specifically refers to a special permission granted to a property owner that allows them to use their property in a manner that differs from the established zoning regulations. Zoning regulations typically dictate how land can be used, such as for residential, commercial, or industrial purposes. When a property owner seeks a use variance, they request an exception to allow a different use that is not normally allowed under the current zoning designation. This process often involves demonstrating to a zoning board or similar authority that the variance is necessary for reasonable use of the property and that it will not negatively impact the surrounding area.

This special permission can be crucial for property owners who wish to pursue specific projects or business ventures that align better with their goals but conflict with existing zoning laws. It reflects the flexibility within the zoning process to accommodate unique circumstances while balancing those requests against the public interest and community planning objectives.